atoms and elements

Science:  Elements and Compounds Vocabulary    PART 2

1. atom the smallest unit of an element that still has the properties of that element

2. proton particle with a positive charge

3. electron particle with a negative charge

4. neutron particle with no charge

5. nucleus- the center of an atom (where the proton and neutrons are)

6. mass number- total number of protons and neutrons in an atom

7. atomic number- total number of protons in a nucleus

8. element- substance make of only one kind of atom

9. periodic table- table that shows the elements arranged by their atomic numbers

10.  molecule- two or more atoms bonded together

11. chemical reaction-atoms re-arrange to form products with different properties

12. compound- a substance made of 2 or more different elements

13. mixture- a combination of two or more different substances

14. physical property- a trait such as color, shape, hardness- that describes a substance

15. alloy-a solid solution in which metal or a nonmetal dissolves in metal

16.  solid- the state of matter that has a definite shape and volume

17.  liquid- the state of matter that has a definite volume but no definite shape

18. gas- the state of matter that does not have a definite shape or volume

19.  chemical property- a trait that involves the way a substance combines with other substances to form new substances

20.  acid- a chemical compound that has a ph less than 7, it turns blue litmus paper red

21.  base- a chemical compound that has a ph more than 7, it turns red litmus paper blue

22. salt- is the product that occurs when an acid and base react

* Bring Science Study guide to school every day!!!  We will be filling it out in class!!!

Monday- begin study guide

Tuesday- continue work on study guide

Wednesday- continue work on study guide

Thursday- study the study guide

Friday- Test (you will be able to use science notebooks and study guide!  

Study Guide for Science:  Elements and Compounds  (You will be able to use this study guide on the test!)

know the definitions of and use the following words:

1. atom-

2. proton -

3. electron –

4. neutron-

5. nucleus-

6. mass number-

7. atomic number-

8. element-

9. periodic table-

10.  molecule-

11. chemical reaction-

12. compound-

13. mixture-

14. physical property-

 15. alloy-

16.  solid-

17.  liquid-

18. gas-

19.  chemical property- 

20.  acid-

21.  base-

22.  salt-

*What are the four main elements that make up plants, insects and humans (all living things)?

*What 5 elements are present in DNA?

*Label the following as a mixture, element, or compound

water

soil

oxygen

copper

*When given an element from the periodic table you should be able to draw and label a model of an atom.

carbon

hydrogen

oxgyen

*Label the following images as a molecule of an element or a molecule of a compound:

water molecule      oxygen molecule    salt molecule      chlorine molecule      methane molecule

*Know the chemical formula for the following:

water

carbon dioxide

salt

glucose

methane

sand

*What information is given in the periodic table?         

*What is the most common element in the universe?

*What are the two main gasses found in air?

*Most of the objects we use in our life originally come from elements found where?

*What are some examples of carbon compounds?

*Why does carbon have different properties in charcoal than it does in a diamond?

*Describe the difference between metals and non metals and metalloids and give an example of each

*How are metals used in your everyday life?

*Explain several ways in which all the different types of matter in the world can be made up of so few elements.

*How do chemical reactions affect the number of different types of matter in the world?

*A clear, green liquid has been added to a clear white liquid.  A white solid forms and the green color disappears.  What conclusion can you draw from these observations?  Explain.

*Which of the following is a chemical reaction?

A. wood burning

B. clouds forming

C. salt disolving

D. meat freezing

*Colonists used a metallic subsantce called pewter to make plates and cups.  Pewter is not shown on the periodic table.  What can you infer about pewter?

A.  It’s a non metal

B.  It’s a plastic

C. It’s an allow

*A sealed box containing air and a piece of wood has a mass of 750 g.  The box remains sealed as the wood is burned.  What would be the mass of the box after the wood is burned?

A.  a little less than 750 g

B.  much less than 750 g

C.  more than 750 g

D. exactly 750g